How To Design Lan Network – Network topology refers to the structural arrangement of the network. The topological structure of a network can be represented physically or logically. Network devices, nodes, and connections between devices are shown as lines to create a graphical model. In other words, network topology refers to how the network is organized, how the nodes are arranged and how they are connected to each other.
The need to understand network topologies arises because they are deployed on your local area network (LAN). Your network can be arranged in different ways, each arrangement or topology has its advantages and disadvantages. Choosing a topology for your business network is influenced by many factors; What matters most is the size and scale of the network and the cost. However, long-term factors such as configuration management, monitoring, and overall performance must be considered.
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In the following sections, we’ll take a deeper look at each of the different topology types. But before we start, here’s an introduction to network topology…
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A clear understanding of network topology is essential as it will allow you to choose the one that best suits your goals and business needs. In this blog post, we’ll take a comprehensive look at network topology so you can design the best computer network for your business needs.
Physical topology is the physical layout of your network. Routers, switches, wireless access points, computers, etc. Refers to the placement of various network devices, such as the method used to connect these devices, i.e. network cables. Knowing the physical topology of your network is important because it helps you set up extensions for maintenance and provisioning tasks.
Logical topology refers to the idea of how data flows in a network. It explains how the network is set up, how nodes that contain virtual and cloud resources are interconnected, and how data is transferred across the network. A good understanding of logical topology is essential for effective network management and monitoring, keeping your network efficient and healthy.
Before we dive into the various network topologies, let’s take a brief look at the components of a network, namely network nodes and links.
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A link refers to the transport medium used to connect nodes in your LAN. It is collectively known as Ethernet and usually includes Ethernet cables, fiber optics, and wireless networking. Therefore, they are divided into the following categories:
Choosing wired or wireless technology for your business network is not easy. While price seems to be the main factor, there are many other factors to consider. Especially for small and medium businesses, a wireless network can provide total savings. We recommend reading the following blog articles to help you evaluate whether wireless networking is right for your business:
A network node is a network endpoint or distribution point that can receive, create, store, or send data to other network nodes along network paths. In your network topology, nodes are typically devices connected by links. Common nodes used when creating a computer network are:
When you connect your computer to a network or point to a computer as a network node, it is not the computer that is acting as a node. It’s just a piece of hardware inside the computer called a network interface controller (NIC) that performs this function. Along with the necessary circuitry, the NIC usually has a connector to accept an Ethernet cable or an antenna for wireless communication. Thus, the NIC provides the computer with the ability to access the vehicle and process the data flowing over the network.
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A repeater is a network device that repeats the Wi-Fi signal on the same network. It picks up weak or broken Wi-Fi signals and restores them to their original strength. A hub is simply a repeater with multiple ports.
Routers are network devices that forward data packets between networks. It forwards data packets between networks by processing the routing information contained in those packets.
A modem, short for modulator-demodulator, is a network device that helps your computer and other devices connect to the Internet.
A switch is a network device that allows other devices on the network to communicate and share information. In other words, a switch can be used for computers, printers, servers, etc. It connects different devices to your network, e.g
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This is just a brief introduction to the components of this network. We talked about them at length in the following blog posts:
As the name suggests, point-to-point is a network topology that has a private connection between two endpoints, hence it is the simplest topology. The advantage of such a network is that all the available network bandwidth is allocated to the two connected devices. You are unlikely to use a point-to-point topology in your office network setup.
A daisy chain is another simple network topology created by connecting each node in series end-to-end. When data is transmitted on a chain network, each node returns sequentially until it reaches its destination. A daisy chain network can have two main forms: linear (shown in the adjacent image) and ring, which we will talk about later in this article.
A bus topology consists of a single cable, also called a bus, running from one end of the network to the other. In this network arrangement, each node is connected by interface connectors to a central cable or bus. A signal containing the address and data transmitted from the source node travels through all nodes in both directions until it reaches the destination node, which receives the data. If the address of the sent signal does not match the address of the receiving node, the data part of the signal is ignored.
How To Design A Network Topology
Because it uses fewer cables, it is easier and cheaper to install than other network topologies. Adding new nodes to the network is easier and is achieved simply by combining additional cables with connectors.
Because the entire network depends on a single cable for data transmission, if that cable fails, the entire network will collapse. Such a single point of failure is not ideal, as it can cause significant downtime and be time-consuming and expensive to recover from. Bus topologies can be used appropriately for small networks with not many devices, but larger networks with large amounts of traffic will suffer from slow transfer speeds. Also, troubleshooting and localization for larger networks can be quite time-consuming.
A star topology is one in which each peripheral node is connected to a central hub or switch. It is probably the most widely used network topology for LANs because it is considered the easiest topology to design and implement. A central hub acts as a server for peripheral nodes or clients. All network traffic passes through a central hub, which is the only requirement for a topology to be classified as a star topology; A network should not resemble a star in physical arrangement.
As mentioned earlier, a ring topology is similar to a daisy chain topology, but the loop is closed, so the nodes are arranged in a ring or circle. Each node has exactly two peers, and data travels in one direction, passing through the ring at each intermediate node until it reaches the destination node. By adding a second ring between network nodes, a dual-ring topology can be created, allowing data to flow in both directions.
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In a ring topology, an electrical “token” moves around the network. Any node that wants to transfer data must wait until it owns the token.
A network topology is a topology in which nodes are directly and dynamically connected to many other nodes. It consists of a detailed structure of point-to-point interconnections between nodes. You can have a partial network topology, where some nodes have two or more connections, or you can have a full network topology, where every node is fully connected to every other node.
The network topology has a non-hierarchical structure and nodes collaborate to route data. Due to the lack of dependence on a single node or route, each node can participate in the transmission of information.
A hybrid topology is one in which two or more different topologies are combined to form a network that does not exhibit any of the standard topologies. Hybrid topologies are commonly found in larger organizations where individual departments can have customized network topologies based on their needs and network requirements.
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The most important advantage of hybrid topology is its flexibility and degree of freedom. With a hybrid network, there are some limitations to how you can set up your network.
Every standard topology included in a hybrid topology will have its drawbacks.
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